Table of Planetary Statistics
If it's planetary data you're after, you're in the right place! Here's a table of statistics about each planet and dwarf planet in the Solar System. Click on the column headers for further information about each category.
Regular Planets
| Average Distance from Sun | Average Distance from Sun | Diameter | Diameter | Time to Spin on Axis (a day) |
Time to Spin on Axis (a day) |
Time to Orbit Sun (a year) |
Time to Orbit Sun (a year) |
Gravity (Earth = 1) |
Gravity (Earth = 1) |
Average Temperature | Average Temperature | Contents of Atmosphere | Contents of Atmosphere | Year of Discovery | Year of Discovery | Number of Known Moons | Number of Known Moons | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DISTANCE FROM THE SUNThe planets don't orbit in completely circular orbits. Instead they orbit in elliptical (oval) orbits, meaning that there can be a difference between the closest a planet is from the Sun and the most distant it gets from it. The figure provided below is the average distance of the orbit of each planet around the Sun. DIAMETERThis is the width across the equator of each of the planets. The diameters of Jupiter and Saturn are wider across the equator than they are from their North to their South Poles. This is because they have fast rotational speeds which cause them to bulge at their equators.TIME TO SPIN ON AXIS (A DAY)This is the length of time it takes for the planet to complete one full rotation. This is measured in Earth time. For example, in the case of Mercury, it takes the planet 59 Earth days to spin on its axis.TIME TO ORBIT SUN (A YEAR)This is the length of time it takes for the planet to complete one full journey around the Sun. This is measured in Earth time. For example, in the case of Mars, it takes the planet 687 Earth days to orbit the Sun.GRAVITYTo work out your weight on another planet, multiply your weight by the number given in this column. Or use this handy calculator!AVERAGE TEMPERATUREThe average temperatures for the rocky Inner Planets (Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars) are the temperatures at the surface. The average temperatures for the Outer Planets (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune) are the temperatures at the tops of the planets' clouds. These gas planets will be hotter towards their - possibly solid - cores, generating their own heat sources, giving off more heat than they actually receive from the Sun. Where there is a large difference between the maximum and the minimum temperature on a planet, the full temperature range is given.CONTENTS OF ATMOSPHEREMercury is too small to actually possess a "sky-like" atmosphere. The gases listed in the table for Mercury are gases that surround the planets.YEAR OF DISCOVERYThe planets Mercury to Saturn were observed thousands of years ago and therefore don't have a date of discovery since there is nobody credited with being the first person to spot them. Uranus was the first planet to be discovered. It may possibly have been seen before its official date of discovery, but it would not have been recognised as a planet.KNOWN MOONSMoons are constantly being discovered orbiting planets. The number of moons listed are the number confirmed when this page was updated (November 2020). | ||||||||||||||||||
| Mercury | 57,909,000 km
35,982,973 miles |
4,879 km 3,032 miles |
59 days | 88 days | 0.38 | -180 °C to 430 ° C -290 °F to 800 °F |
Trace amounts of Sodium and Magnesium | n/a | 0 | Venus | 108,209,000 km
67,237,935 miles |
12,104 km 7,521 miles |
243 days | 224 days | 0.91 | 471 °C 880 °F |
Carbon Dioxide (96%), Nitrogen (3.5%) | n/a | 0 | Earth | 149,596,000 km
92,954,616 miles |
12,742 km 7,918 miles |
23 hours, 56 mins | 365.25 days | 1.00 | 16 °C 61 °F |
Nitrogen (77%), Oxygen (21%), Argon (0.93%) | n/a | 1 | Mars | 227,923,000 km
141,624,742 miles |
6,779 km 4,212 miles |
24 hours, 40 mins | 687 days | 0.38 | -28 °C -62 °F |
Carbon Dioxide (95%), Argon | n/a | 2 | Jupiter | 778,570,000 km
483,780,819 miles |
139,822 km 86,881 miles |
9 hours, 55 mins | 11 years, 314 days | 2.36 | -108 °C -162 °F |
Hydrogen, Helium | n/a | 95 | Saturn | 1,433,530,000 km
890,753,970 miles |
120,536 km 74,898 miles |
10 hours, 39 mins | 29 years, 168 days | 0.92 | -138 °C -218 °F |
Hydrogen, Helium | n/a | 146 | Uranus | 2,872,460,000 km
1,784,863,343 miles |
50,724 km 31,518 miles |
17 hours, 14 mins | 84 years | 0.89 | -195 °C -320 °F |
Hydrogen, Helium and Methane | 1781 | 27 | Neptune | 4,495,060,000 km
2,793,099,927 miles |
49,244 km 30,599 miles |
16 hours, 7 mins | 164 years, 292 days | 1.12 | -201 °C -331 °F |
Hydrogen, Helium and Methane | 1846 | 14 |
Dwarf Planets
| Distance from Sun | Distance from Sun | Diameter | Diameter | Time to Spin on Axis (a day) |
Time to Spin on Axis (a day) |
Time to Orbit Sun (a year) |
Time to Orbit Sun (a year) |
Average Temperature | Average Temperature | Year of Discovery | Year of Discovery | Number of Known Moons | Number of Known Moons | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DISTANCE FROM THE SUNWith the exception of Ceres, the dwarf planets orbit the Sun in elliptical orbits. This means that there is a great difference between their closest distance from Sun and their greatest distance. The figures provided below give their closest and furthers distance. The average distance is displayed for Ceres.DIAMETERThis is the width across the equator of each of the dwarf planets. Huamea has an irregular and elongated shape so its dimensions rather than diameter is given.TIME TO SPIN ON AXISThis is the length of time it takes for the planet to complete one full rotation. This is measured in Earth time. For example, in the case of Pluto, it takes it 6 Earth days and 9 Earth hours to spin on its axis.TIME TO ORBIT SUNThis is the length of time it takes for the planet to complete one full journey around the Sun. This is measured in Earth time. For example, in the case of Pluto, it takes it 248 Earth years to orbit the Sun.AVERAGE TEMPERATUREThe average temperatures is the temperatures at the surface of each of the dwarf planets.YEAR OF DISCOVERYThis is the year in which the dwarf planets was first observed.NUMBER OF KNOWN MOONSMoons are constantly being discovered orbiting planets and dwarf planets. The number of moons listed are the number confirmed when this page was updated (November 2020). | ||||||||||||||
| Ceres | 414,261,000 km
257,409,772 miles |
939 km 583 miles |
9 hours, 5 mins | 4 years, 222 days | -106 °C -159 °F |
1801 | 0 | Pluto | 5,869,656,000 km
3,647,234,018 miles |
2,376 km 1,476 miles |
6 days, 9 hours | 248 years | -233 °C -388 °F |
1930 | 5 | Haumea | 6,450,100,000 km
4,007,905,087 miles |
1,632 km 1,014 miles |
3 hours, 55 mins | 283 years, 44 days | -240 °C -400 °F |
2004 | 2 | Makemake | 6,796,200,000 km
4,222,961,590 miles |
1,434 km 891 miles |
22 hours, 50 mins | 306 years, 77 days | -243 °C -405 °F |
2005 | 1 | Eris | 10,152,000,000 km
6,308,158,392 miles |
2,326 km 1,445 miles |
25 hours, 54 mins | 559 years, 25 days | -243 to -217 °C -405 to -359 °F |
2005 | 1 |
